from __future__ import absolute_import

import sys

from .filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
from .packages import six
from .packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urlencode

__all__ = ["RequestMethods"]


class RequestMethods(object):
    """
    Convenience mixin for classes who implement a :meth:`urlopen` method, such
    as :class:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool` and
    :class:`urllib3.PoolManager`.

    Provides behavior for making common types of HTTP request methods and
    decides which type of request field encoding to use.

    Specifically,

    :meth:`.request_encode_url` is for sending requests whose fields are
    encoded in the URL (such as GET, HEAD, DELETE).

    :meth:`.request_encode_body` is for sending requests whose fields are
    encoded in the *body* of the request using multipart or www-form-urlencoded
    (such as for POST, PUT, PATCH).

    :meth:`.request` is for making any kind of request, it will look up the
    appropriate encoding format and use one of the above two methods to make
    the request.

    Initializer parameters:

    :param headers:
        Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
        explicitly.
    """

    _encode_url_methods = {"DELETE", "GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS"}

    def __init__(self, headers=None):
        self.headers = headers or {}

    def urlopen(
        self,
        method,
        url,
        body=None,
        headers=None,
        encode_multipart=True,
        multipart_boundary=None,
        **kw
    ):  # Abstract
        raise NotImplementedError(
            "Classes extending RequestMethods must implement "
            "their own ``urlopen`` method."
        )

    def request(self, method, url, fields=None, headers=None, **urlopen_kw):
        """
        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the appropriate encoding of
        ``fields`` based on the ``method`` used.

        This is a convenience method that requires the least amount of manual
        effort. It can be used in most situations, while still having the
        option to drop down to more specific methods when necessary, such as
        :meth:`request_encode_url`, :meth:`request_encode_body`,
        or even the lowest level :meth:`urlopen`.
        """
        method = method.upper()

        urlopen_kw["request_url"] = url

        if method in self._encode_url_methods:
            return self.request_encode_url(
                method, url, fields=fields, headers=headers, **urlopen_kw
            )
        else:
            return self.request_encode_body(
                method, url, fields=fields, headers=headers, **urlopen_kw
            )

    def request_encode_url(self, method, url, fields=None, headers=None, **urlopen_kw):
        """
        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the ``fields`` encoded in
        the url. This is useful for request methods like GET, HEAD, DELETE, etc.
        """
        if headers is None:
            headers = self.headers

        extra_kw = {"headers": headers}
        extra_kw.update(urlopen_kw)

        if fields:
            url += "?" + urlencode(fields)

        return self.urlopen(method, url, **extra_kw)

    def request_encode_body(
        self,
        method,
        url,
        fields=None,
        headers=None,
        encode_multipart=True,
        multipart_boundary=None,
        **urlopen_kw
    ):
        """
        Make a request using :meth:`urlopen` with the ``fields`` encoded in
        the body. This is useful for request methods like POST, PUT, PATCH, etc.

        When ``encode_multipart=True`` (default), then
        :func:`urllib3.encode_multipart_formdata` is used to encode
        the payload with the appropriate content type. Otherwise
        :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` is used with the
        'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' content type.

        Multipart encoding must be used when posting files, and it's reasonably
        safe to use it in other times too. However, it may break request
        signing, such as with OAuth.

        Supports an optional ``fields`` parameter of key/value strings AND
        key/filetuple. A filetuple is a (filename, data, MIME type) tuple where
        the MIME type is optional. For example::

            fields = {
                'foo': 'bar',
                'fakefile': ('foofile.txt', 'contents of foofile'),
                'realfile': ('barfile.txt', open('realfile').read()),
                'typedfile': ('bazfile.bin', open('bazfile').read(),
                              'image/jpeg'),
                'nonamefile': 'contents of nonamefile field',
            }

        When uploading a file, providing a filename (the first parameter of the
        tuple) is optional but recommended to best mimic behavior of browsers.

        Note that if ``headers`` are supplied, the 'Content-Type' header will
        be overwritten because it depends on the dynamic random boundary string
        which is used to compose the body of the request. The random boundary
        string can be explicitly set with the ``multipart_boundary`` parameter.
        """
        if headers is None:
            headers = self.headers

        extra_kw = {"headers": {}}

        if fields:
            if "body" in urlopen_kw:
                raise TypeError(
                    "request got values for both 'fields' and 'body', can only specify one."
                )

            if encode_multipart:
                body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(
                    fields, boundary=multipart_boundary
                )
            else:
                body, content_type = (
                    urlencode(fields),
                    "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
                )

            extra_kw["body"] = body
            extra_kw["headers"] = {"Content-Type": content_type}

        extra_kw["headers"].update(headers)
        extra_kw.update(urlopen_kw)

        return self.urlopen(method, url, **extra_kw)


if not six.PY2:

    class RequestModule(sys.modules[__name__].__class__):
        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            """
            If user tries to call this module directly urllib3 v2.x style raise an error to the user
            suggesting they may need urllib3 v2
            """
            raise TypeError(
                "'module' object is not callable\n"
                "urllib3.request() method is not supported in this release, "
                "upgrade to urllib3 v2 to use it\n"
                "see https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/stable/v2-migration-guide.html"
            )

    sys.modules[__name__].__class__ = RequestModule

import os
import platform

from pip._vendor.rich import inspect
from pip._vendor.rich.console import Console, get_windows_console_features
from pip._vendor.rich.panel import Panel
from pip._vendor.rich.pretty import Pretty


def report() -> None:  # pragma: no cover
    """Print a report to the terminal with debugging information"""
    console = Console()
    inspect(console)
    features = get_windows_console_features()
    inspect(features)

    env_names = (
        "TERM",
        "COLORTERM",
        "CLICOLOR",
        "NO_COLOR",
        "TERM_PROGRAM",
        "COLUMNS",
        "LINES",
        "JUPYTER_COLUMNS",
        "JUPYTER_LINES",
        "JPY_PARENT_PID",
        "VSCODE_VERBOSE_LOGGING",
    )
    env = {name: os.getenv(name) for name in env_names}
    console.print(Panel.fit((Pretty(env)), title="[b]Environment Variables"))

    console.print(f'platform="{platform.system()}"')


if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
    report()

import sys
from dataclasses import dataclass


@dataclass
class WindowsConsoleFeatures:
    """Windows features available."""

    vt: bool = False
    """The console supports VT codes."""
    truecolor: bool = False
    """The console supports truecolor."""


try:
    import ctypes
    from ctypes import LibraryLoader

    if sys.platform == "win32":
        windll = LibraryLoader(ctypes.WinDLL)
    else:
        windll = None
        raise ImportError("Not windows")

    from pip._vendor.rich._win32_console import (
        ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING,
        GetConsoleMode,
        GetStdHandle,
        LegacyWindowsError,
    )

except (AttributeError, ImportError, ValueError):
    # Fallback if we can't load the Windows DLL
    def get_windows_console_features() -> WindowsConsoleFeatures:
        features = WindowsConsoleFeatures()
        return features

else:

    def get_windows_console_features() -> WindowsConsoleFeatures:
        """Get windows console features.

        Returns:
            WindowsConsoleFeatures: An instance of WindowsConsoleFeatures.
        """
        handle = GetStdHandle()
        try:
            console_mode = GetConsoleMode(handle)
            success = True
        except LegacyWindowsError:
            console_mode = 0
            success = False
        vt = bool(success and console_mode & ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING)
        truecolor = False
        if vt:
            win_version = sys.getwindowsversion()
            truecolor = win_version.major > 10 or (
                win_version.major == 10 and win_version.build >= 15063
            )
        features = WindowsConsoleFeatures(vt=vt, truecolor=truecolor)
        return features


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import platform

    features = get_windows_console_features()
    from pip._vendor.rich import print

    print(f'platform="{platform.system()}"')
    print(repr(features))

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright (C) 2012-2023 Python Software Foundation.
# See LICENSE.txt and CONTRIBUTORS.txt.
#
"""
Class representing the list of files in a distribution.

Equivalent to distutils.filelist, but fixes some problems.
"""
import fnmatch
import logging
import os
import re
import sys

from . import DistlibException
from .compat import fsdecode
from .util import convert_path


__all__ = ['Manifest']

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# a \ followed by some spaces + EOL
_COLLAPSE_PATTERN = re.compile('\\\\w*\n', re.M)
_COMMENTED_LINE = re.compile('#.*?(?=\n)|\n(?=$)', re.M | re.S)

#
# Due to the different results returned by fnmatch.translate, we need
# to do slightly different processing for Python 2.7 and 3.2 ... this needed
# to be brought in for Python 3.6 onwards.
#
_PYTHON_VERSION = sys.version_info[:2]


class Manifest(object):
    """
    A list of files built by exploring the filesystem and filtered by applying various
    patterns to what we find there.
    """

    def __init__(self, base=None):
        """
        Initialise an instance.

        :param base: The base directory to explore under.
        """
        self.base = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(base or os.getcwd()))
        self.prefix = self.base + os.sep
        self.allfiles = None
        self.files = set()

    #
    # Public API
    #

    def findall(self):
        """Find all files under the base and set ``allfiles`` to the absolute
        pathnames of files found.
        """
        from stat import S_ISREG, S_ISDIR, S_ISLNK

        self.allfiles = allfiles = []
        root = self.base
        stack = [root]
        pop = stack.pop
        push = stack.append

        while stack:
            root = pop()
            names = os.listdir(root)

            for name in names:
                fullname = os.path.join(root, name)

                # Avoid excess stat calls -- just one will do, thank you!
                stat = os.stat(fullname)
                mode = stat.st_mode
                if S_ISREG(mode):
                    allfiles.append(fsdecode(fullname))
                elif S_ISDIR(mode) and not S_ISLNK(mode):
                    push(fullname)

    def add(self, item):
        """
        Add a file to the manifest.

        :param item: The pathname to add. This can be relative to the base.
        """
        if not item.startswith(self.prefix):
            item = os.path.join(self.base, item)
        self.files.add(os.path.normpath(item))

    def add_many(self, items):
        """
        Add a list of files to the manifest.

        :param items: The pathnames to add. These can be relative to the base.
        """
        for item in items:
            self.add(item)

    def sorted(self, wantdirs=False):
        """
        Return sorted files in directory order
        """

        def add_dir(dirs, d):
            dirs.add(d)
            logger.debug('add_dir added %s', d)
            if d != self.base:
                parent, _ = os.path.split(d)
                assert parent not in ('', '/')
                add_dir(dirs, parent)

        result = set(self.files)    # make a copy!
        if wantdirs:
            dirs = set()
            for f in result:
                add_dir(dirs, os.path.dirname(f))
            result |= dirs
        return [os.path.join(*path_tuple) for path_tuple in
                sorted(os.path.split(path) for path in result)]

    def clear(self):
        """Clear all collected files."""
        self.files = set()
        self.allfiles = []

    def process_directive(self, directive):
        """
        Process a directive which either adds some files from ``allfiles`` to
        ``files``, or removes some files from ``files``.

        :param directive: The directive to process. This should be in a format
                     compatible with distutils ``MANIFEST.in`` files:

                     http://docs.python.org/distutils/sourcedist.html#commands
        """
        # Parse the line: split it up, make sure the right number of words
        # is there, and return the relevant words.  'action' is always
        # defined: it's the first word of the line.  Which of the other
        # three are defined depends on the action; it'll be either
        # patterns, (dir and patterns), or (dirpattern).
        action, patterns, thedir, dirpattern = self._parse_directive(directive)

        # OK, now we know that the action is valid and we have the
        # right number of words on the line for that action -- so we
        # can proceed with minimal error-checking.
        if action == 'include':
            for pattern in patterns:
                if not self._include_pattern(pattern, anchor=True):
                    logger.warning('no files found matching %r', pattern)

        elif action == 'exclude':
            for pattern in patterns:
                self._exclude_pattern(pattern, anchor=True)

        elif action == 'global-include':
            for pattern in patterns:
                if not self._include_pattern(pattern, anchor=False):
                    logger.warning('no files found matching %r '
                                   'anywhere in distribution', pattern)

        elif action == 'global-exclude':
            for pattern in patterns:
                self._exclude_pattern(pattern, anchor=False)

        elif action == 'recursive-include':
            for pattern in patterns:
                if not self._include_pattern(pattern, prefix=thedir):
                    logger.warning('no files found matching %r '
                                   'under directory %r', pattern, thedir)

        elif action == 'recursive-exclude':
            for pattern in patterns:
                self._exclude_pattern(pattern, prefix=thedir)

        elif action == 'graft':
            if not self._include_pattern(None, prefix=dirpattern):
                logger.warning('no directories found matching %r',
                               dirpattern)

        elif action == 'prune':
            if not self._exclude_pattern(None, prefix=dirpattern):
                logger.warning('no previously-included directories found '
                               'matching %r', dirpattern)
        else:   # pragma: no cover
            # This should never happen, as it should be caught in
            # _parse_template_line
            raise DistlibException(
                'invalid action %r' % action)

    #
    # Private API
    #

    def _parse_directive(self, directive):
        """
        Validate a directive.
        :param directive: The directive to validate.
        :return: A tuple of action, patterns, thedir, dir_patterns
        """
        words = directive.split()
        if len(words) == 1 and words[0] not in ('include', 'exclude',
                                                'global-include',
                                                'global-exclude',
                                                'recursive-include',
                                                'recursive-exclude',
                                                'graft', 'prune'):
            # no action given, let's use the default 'include'
            words.insert(0, 'include')

        action = words[0]
        patterns = thedir = dir_pattern = None

        if action in ('include', 'exclude',
                      'global-include', 'global-exclude'):
            if len(words) < 2:
                raise DistlibException(
                    '%r expects <pattern1> <pattern2> ...' % action)

            patterns = [convert_path(word) for word in words[1:]]

        elif action in ('recursive-include', 'recursive-exclude'):
            if len(words) < 3:
                raise DistlibException(
                    '%r expects <dir> <pattern1> <pattern2> ...' % action)

            thedir = convert_path(words[1])
            patterns = [convert_path(word) for word in words[2:]]

        elif action in ('graft', 'prune'):
            if len(words) != 2:
                raise DistlibException(
                    '%r expects a single <dir_pattern>' % action)

            dir_pattern = convert_path(words[1])

        else:
            raise DistlibException('unknown action %r' % action)

        return action, patterns, thedir, dir_pattern

    def _include_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=True, prefix=None,
                         is_regex=False):
        """Select strings (presumably filenames) from 'self.files' that
        match 'pattern', a Unix-style wildcard (glob) pattern.

        Patterns are not quite the same as implemented by the 'fnmatch'
        module: '*' and '?'  match non-special characters, where "special"
        is platform-dependent: slash on Unix; colon, slash, and backslash on
        DOS/Windows; and colon on Mac OS.

        If 'anchor' is true (the default), then the pattern match is more
        stringent: "*.py" will match "foo.py" but not "foo/bar.py".  If
        'anchor' is false, both of these will match.

        If 'prefix' is supplied, then only filenames starting with 'prefix'
        (itself a pattern) and ending with 'pattern', with anything in between
        them, will match.  'anchor' is ignored in this case.

        If 'is_regex' is true, 'anchor' and 'prefix' are ignored, and
        'pattern' is assumed to be either a string containing a regex or a
        regex object -- no translation is done, the regex is just compiled
        and used as-is.

        Selected strings will be added to self.files.

        Return True if files are found.
        """
        # XXX docstring lying about what the special chars are?
        found = False
        pattern_re = self._translate_pattern(pattern, anchor, prefix, is_regex)

        # delayed loading of allfiles list
        if self.allfiles is None:
            self.findall()

        for name in self.allfiles:
            if pattern_re.search(name):
                self.files.add(name)
                found = True
        return found

    def _exclude_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=True, prefix=None,
                         is_regex=False):
        """Remove strings (presumably filenames) from 'files' that match
        'pattern'.

        Other parameters are the same as for 'include_pattern()', above.
        The list 'self.files' is modified in place. Return True if files are
        found.

        This API is public to allow e.g. exclusion of SCM subdirs, e.g. when
        packaging source distributions
        """
        found = False
        pattern_re = self._translate_pattern(pattern, anchor, prefix, is_regex)
        for f in list(self.files):
            if pattern_re.search(f):
                self.files.remove(f)
                found = True
        return found

    def _translate_pattern(self, pattern, anchor=True, prefix=None,
                           is_regex=False):
        """Translate a shell-like wildcard pattern to a compiled regular
        expression.

        Return the compiled regex.  If 'is_regex' true,
        then 'pattern' is directly compiled to a regex (if it's a string)
        or just returned as-is (assumes it's a regex object).
        """
        if is_regex:
            if isinstance(pattern, str):
                return re.compile(pattern)
            else:
                return pattern

        if _PYTHON_VERSION > (3, 2):
            # ditch start and end characters
            start, _, end = self._glob_to_re('_').partition('_')

        if pattern:
            pattern_re = self._glob_to_re(pattern)
            if _PYTHON_VERSION > (3, 2):
                assert pattern_re.startswith(start) and pattern_re.endswith(end)
        else:
            pattern_re = ''

        base = re.escape(os.path.join(self.base, ''))
        if prefix is not None:
            # ditch end of pattern character
            if _PYTHON_VERSION <= (3, 2):
                empty_pattern = self._glob_to_re('')
                prefix_re = self._glob_to_re(prefix)[:-len(empty_pattern)]
            else:
                prefix_re = self._glob_to_re(prefix)
                assert prefix_re.startswith(start) and prefix_re.endswith(end)
                prefix_re = prefix_re[len(start): len(prefix_re) - len(end)]
            sep = os.sep
            if os.sep == '\\':
                sep = r'\\'
            if _PYTHON_VERSION <= (3, 2):
                pattern_re = '^' + base + sep.join((prefix_re,
                                                    '.*' + pattern_re))
            else:
                pattern_re = pattern_re[len(start): len(pattern_re) - len(end)]
                pattern_re = r'%s%s%s%s.*%s%s' % (start, base, prefix_re, sep,
                                                  pattern_re, end)
        else:  # no prefix -- respect anchor flag
            if anchor:
                if _PYTHON_VERSION <= (3, 2):
                    pattern_re = '^' + base + pattern_re
                else:
                    pattern_re = r'%s%s%s' % (start, base, pattern_re[len(start):])

        return re.compile(pattern_re)

    def _glob_to_re(self, pattern):
        """Translate a shell-like glob pattern to a regular expression.

        Return a string containing the regex.  Differs from
        'fnmatch.translate()' in that '*' does not match "special characters"
        (which are platform-specific).
        """
        pattern_re = fnmatch.translate(pattern)

        # '?' and '*' in the glob pattern become '.' and '.*' in the RE, which
        # IMHO is wrong -- '?' and '*' aren't supposed to match slash in Unix,
        # and by extension they shouldn't match such "special characters" under
        # any OS.  So change all non-escaped dots in the RE to match any
        # character except the special characters (currently: just os.sep).
        sep = os.sep
        if os.sep == '\\':
            # we're using a regex to manipulate a regex, so we need
            # to escape the backslash twice
            sep = r'\\\\'
        escaped = r'\1[^%s]' % sep
        pattern_re = re.sub(r'((?<!\\)(\\\\)*)\.', escaped, pattern_re)
        return pattern_re

from operator import itemgetter
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable, NamedTuple, Optional, Sequence

from . import errors
from .protocol import is_renderable, rich_cast

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from .console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderableType


class Measurement(NamedTuple):
    """Stores the minimum and maximum widths (in characters) required to render an object."""

    minimum: int
    """Minimum number of cells required to render."""
    maximum: int
    """Maximum number of cells required to render."""

    @property
    def span(self) -> int:
        """Get difference between maximum and minimum."""
        return self.maximum - self.minimum

    def normalize(self) -> "Measurement":
        """Get measurement that ensures that minimum <= maximum and minimum >= 0

        Returns:
            Measurement: A normalized measurement.
        """
        minimum, maximum = self
        minimum = min(max(0, minimum), maximum)
        return Measurement(max(0, minimum), max(0, max(minimum, maximum)))

    def with_maximum(self, width: int) -> "Measurement":
        """Get a RenderableWith where the widths are <= width.

        Args:
            width (int): Maximum desired width.

        Returns:
            Measurement: New Measurement object.
        """
        minimum, maximum = self
        return Measurement(min(minimum, width), min(maximum, width))

    def with_minimum(self, width: int) -> "Measurement":
        """Get a RenderableWith where the widths are >= width.

        Args:
            width (int): Minimum desired width.

        Returns:
            Measurement: New Measurement object.
        """
        minimum, maximum = self
        width = max(0, width)
        return Measurement(max(minimum, width), max(maximum, width))

    def clamp(
        self, min_width: Optional[int] = None, max_width: Optional[int] = None
    ) -> "Measurement":
        """Clamp a measurement within the specified range.

        Args:
            min_width (int): Minimum desired width, or ``None`` for no minimum. Defaults to None.
            max_width (int): Maximum desired width, or ``None`` for no maximum. Defaults to None.

        Returns:
            Measurement: New Measurement object.
        """
        measurement = self
        if min_width is not None:
            measurement = measurement.with_minimum(min_width)
        if max_width is not None:
            measurement = measurement.with_maximum(max_width)
        return measurement

    @classmethod
    def get(
        cls, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions", renderable: "RenderableType"
    ) -> "Measurement":
        """Get a measurement for a renderable.

        Args:
            console (~rich.console.Console): Console instance.
            options (~rich.console.ConsoleOptions): Console options.
            renderable (RenderableType): An object that may be rendered with Rich.

        Raises:
            errors.NotRenderableError: If the object is not renderable.

        Returns:
            Measurement: Measurement object containing range of character widths required to render the object.
        """
        _max_width = options.max_width
        if _max_width < 1:
            return Measurement(0, 0)
        if isinstance(renderable, str):
            renderable = console.render_str(
                renderable, markup=options.markup, highlight=False
            )
        renderable = rich_cast(renderable)
        if is_renderable(renderable):
            get_console_width: Optional[
                Callable[["Console", "ConsoleOptions"], "Measurement"]
            ] = getattr(renderable, "__rich_measure__", None)
            if get_console_width is not None:
                render_width = (
                    get_console_width(console, options)
                    .normalize()
                    .with_maximum(_max_width)
                )
                if render_width.maximum < 1:
                    return Measurement(0, 0)
                return render_width.normalize()
            else:
                return Measurement(0, _max_width)
        else:
            raise errors.NotRenderableError(
                f"Unable to get render width for {renderable!r}; "
                "a str, Segment, or object with __rich_console__ method is required"
            )


def measure_renderables(
    console: "Console",
    options: "ConsoleOptions",
    renderables: Sequence["RenderableType"],
) -> "Measurement":
    """Get a measurement that would fit a number of renderables.

    Args:
        console (~rich.console.Console): Console instance.
        options (~rich.console.ConsoleOptions): Console options.
        renderables (Iterable[RenderableType]): One or more renderable objects.

    Returns:
        Measurement: Measurement object containing range of character widths required to
            contain all given renderables.
    """
    if not renderables:
        return Measurement(0, 0)
    get_measurement = Measurement.get
    measurements = [
        get_measurement(console, options, renderable) for renderable in renderables
    ]
    measured_width = Measurement(
        max(measurements, key=itemgetter(0)).minimum,
        max(measurements, key=itemgetter(1)).maximum,
    )
    return measured_width

from __future__ import absolute_import

import io
import logging
import sys
import warnings
import zlib
from contextlib import contextmanager
from socket import error as SocketError
from socket import timeout as SocketTimeout

brotli = None

from . import util
from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict
from .connection import BaseSSLError, HTTPException
from .exceptions import (
    BodyNotHttplibCompatible,
    DecodeError,
    HTTPError,
    IncompleteRead,
    InvalidChunkLength,
    InvalidHeader,
    ProtocolError,
    ReadTimeoutError,
    ResponseNotChunked,
    SSLError,
)
from .packages import six
from .util.response import is_fp_closed, is_response_to_head

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class DeflateDecoder(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._first_try = True
        self._data = b""
        self._obj = zlib.decompressobj()

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return getattr(self._obj, name)

    def decompress(self, data):
        if not data:
            return data

        if not self._first_try:
            return self._obj.decompress(data)

        self._data += data
        try:
            decompressed = self._obj.decompress(data)
            if decompressed:
                self._first_try = False
                self._data = None
            return decompressed
        except zlib.error:
            self._first_try = False
            self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(-zlib.MAX_WBITS)
            try:
                return self.decompress(self._data)
            finally:
                self._data = None


class GzipDecoderState(object):

    FIRST_MEMBER = 0
    OTHER_MEMBERS = 1
    SWALLOW_DATA = 2


class GzipDecoder(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)
        self._state = GzipDecoderState.FIRST_MEMBER

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return getattr(self._obj, name)

    def decompress(self, data):
        ret = bytearray()
        if self._state == GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA or not data:
            return bytes(ret)
        while True:
            try:
                ret += self._obj.decompress(data)
            except zlib.error:
                previous_state = self._state
                # Ignore data after the first error
                self._state = GzipDecoderState.SWALLOW_DATA
                if previous_state == GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS:
                    # Allow trailing garbage acceptable in other gzip clients
                    return bytes(ret)
                raise
            data = self._obj.unused_data
            if not data:
                return bytes(ret)
            self._state = GzipDecoderState.OTHER_MEMBERS
            self._obj = zlib.decompressobj(16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS)


if brotli is not None:

    class BrotliDecoder(object):
        # Supports both 'brotlipy' and 'Brotli' packages
        # since they share an import name. The top branches
        # are for 'brotlipy' and bottom branches for 'Brotli'
        def __init__(self):
            self._obj = brotli.Decompressor()
            if hasattr(self._obj, "decompress"):
                self.decompress = self._obj.decompress
            else:
                self.decompress = self._obj.process

        def flush(self):
            if hasattr(self._obj, "flush"):
                return self._obj.flush()
            return b""


class MultiDecoder(object):
    """
    From RFC7231:
        If one or more encodings have been applied to a representation, the
        sender that applied the encodings MUST generate a Content-Encoding
        header field that lists the content codings in the order in which
        they were applied.
    """

    def __init__(self, modes):
        self._decoders = [_get_decoder(m.strip()) for m in modes.split(",")]

    def flush(self):
        return self._decoders[0].flush()

    def decompress(self, data):
        for d in reversed(self._decoders):
            data = d.decompress(data)
        return data


def _get_decoder(mode):
    if "," in mode:
        return MultiDecoder(mode)

    if mode == "gzip":
        return GzipDecoder()

    if brotli is not None and mode == "br":
        return BrotliDecoder()

    return DeflateDecoder()


class HTTPResponse(io.IOBase):
    """
    HTTP Response container.

    Backwards-compatible with :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` but the response ``body`` is
    loaded and decoded on-demand when the ``data`` property is accessed.  This
    class is also compatible with the Python standard library's :mod:`io`
    module, and can hence be treated as a readable object in the context of that
    framework.

    Extra parameters for behaviour not present in :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse`:

    :param preload_content:
        If True, the response's body will be preloaded during construction.

    :param decode_content:
        If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
        'content-encoding' header.

    :param original_response:
        When this HTTPResponse wrapper is generated from an :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse`
        object, it's convenient to include the original for debug purposes. It's
        otherwise unused.

    :param retries:
        The retries contains the last :class:`~urllib3.util.retry.Retry` that
        was used during the request.

    :param enforce_content_length:
        Enforce content length checking. Body returned by server must match
        value of Content-Length header, if present. Otherwise, raise error.
    """

    CONTENT_DECODERS = ["gzip", "deflate"]
    if brotli is not None:
        CONTENT_DECODERS += ["br"]
    REDIRECT_STATUSES = [301, 302, 303, 307, 308]

    def __init__(
        self,
        body="",
        headers=None,
        status=0,
        version=0,
        reason=None,
        strict=0,
        preload_content=True,
        decode_content=True,
        original_response=None,
        pool=None,
        connection=None,
        msg=None,
        retries=None,
        enforce_content_length=False,
        request_method=None,
        request_url=None,
        auto_close=True,
    ):

        if isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
            self.headers = headers
        else:
            self.headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers)
        self.status = status
        self.version = version
        self.reason = reason
        self.strict = strict
        self.decode_content = decode_content
        self.retries = retries
        self.enforce_content_length = enforce_content_length
        self.auto_close = auto_close

        self._decoder = None
        self._body = None
        self._fp = None
        self._original_response = original_response
        self._fp_bytes_read = 0
        self.msg = msg
        self._request_url = request_url

        if body and isinstance(body, (six.string_types, bytes)):
            self._body = body

        self._pool = pool
        self._connection = connection

        if hasattr(body, "read"):
            self._fp = body

        # Are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
        self.chunked = False
        self.chunk_left = None
        tr_enc = self.headers.get("transfer-encoding", "").lower()
        # Don't incur the penalty of creating a list and then discarding it
        encodings = (enc.strip() for enc in tr_enc.split(","))
        if "chunked" in encodings:
            self.chunked = True

        # Determine length of response
        self.length_remaining = self._init_length(request_method)

        # If requested, preload the body.
        if preload_content and not self._body:
            self._body = self.read(decode_content=decode_content)

    def get_redirect_location(self):
        """
        Should we redirect and where to?

        :returns: Truthy redirect location string if we got a redirect status
            code and valid location. ``None`` if redirect status and no
            location. ``False`` if not a redirect status code.
        """
        if self.status in self.REDIRECT_STATUSES:
            return self.headers.get("location")

        return False

    def release_conn(self):
        if not self._pool or not self._connection:
            return

        self._pool._put_conn(self._connection)
        self._connection = None

    def drain_conn(self):
        """
        Read and discard any remaining HTTP response data in the response connection.

        Unread data in the HTTPResponse connection blocks the connection from being released back to the pool.
        """
        try:
            self.read()
        except (HTTPError, SocketError, BaseSSLError, HTTPException):
            pass

    @property
    def data(self):
        # For backwards-compat with earlier urllib3 0.4 and earlier.
        if self._body:
            return self._body

        if self._fp:
            return self.read(cache_content=True)

    @property
    def connection(self):
        return self._connection

    def isclosed(self):
        return is_fp_closed(self._fp)

    def tell(self):
        """
        Obtain the number of bytes pulled over the wire so far. May differ from
        the amount of content returned by :meth:``urllib3.response.HTTPResponse.read``
        if bytes are encoded on the wire (e.g, compressed).
        """
        return self._fp_bytes_read

    def _init_length(self, request_method):
        """
        Set initial length value for Response content if available.
        """
        length = self.headers.get("content-length")

        if length is not None:
            if self.chunked:
                # This Response will fail with an IncompleteRead if it can't be
                # received as chunked. This method falls back to attempt reading
                # the response before raising an exception.
                log.warning(
                    "Received response with both Content-Length and "
                    "Transfer-Encoding set. This is expressly forbidden "
                    "by RFC 7230 sec 3.3.2. Ignoring Content-Length and "
                    "attempting to process response as Transfer-Encoding: "
                    "chunked."
                )
                return None

            try:
                # RFC 7230 section 3.3.2 specifies multiple content lengths can
                # be sent in a single Content-Length header
                # (e.g. Content-Length: 42, 42). This line ensures the values
                # are all valid ints and that as long as the `set` length is 1,
                # all values are the same. Otherwise, the header is invalid.
                lengths = set([int(val) for val in length.split(",")])
                if len(lengths) > 1:
                    raise InvalidHeader(
                        "Content-Length contained multiple "
                        "unmatching values (%s)" % length
                    )
                length = lengths.pop()
            except ValueError:
                length = None
            else:
                if length < 0:
                    length = None

        # Convert status to int for comparison
        # In some cases, httplib returns a status of "_UNKNOWN"
        try:
            status = int(self.status)
        except ValueError:
            status = 0

        # Check for responses that shouldn't include a body
        if status in (204, 304) or 100 <= status < 200 or request_method == "HEAD":
            length = 0

        return length

    def _init_decoder(self):
        """
        Set-up the _decoder attribute if necessary.
        """
        # Note: content-encoding value should be case-insensitive, per RFC 7230
        # Section 3.2
        content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower()
        if self._decoder is None:
            if content_encoding in self.CONTENT_DECODERS:
                self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding)
            elif "," in content_encoding:
                encodings = [
                    e.strip()
                    for e in content_encoding.split(",")
                    if e.strip() in self.CONTENT_DECODERS
                ]
                if len(encodings):
                    self._decoder = _get_decoder(content_encoding)

    DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES = (IOError, zlib.error)
    if brotli is not None:
        DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES += (brotli.error,)

    def _decode(self, data, decode_content, flush_decoder):
        """
        Decode the data passed in and potentially flush the decoder.
        """
        if not decode_content:
            return data

        try:
            if self._decoder:
                data = self._decoder.decompress(data)
        except self.DECODER_ERROR_CLASSES as e:
            content_encoding = self.headers.get("content-encoding", "").lower()
            raise DecodeError(
                "Received response with content-encoding: %s, but "
                "failed to decode it." % content_encoding,
                e,
            )
        if flush_decoder:
            data += self._flush_decoder()

        return data

    def _flush_decoder(self):
        """
        Flushes the decoder. Should only be called if the decoder is actually
        being used.
        """
        if self._decoder:
            buf = self._decoder.decompress(b"")
            return buf + self._decoder.flush()

        return b""

    @contextmanager
    def _error_catcher(self):
        """
        Catch low-level python exceptions, instead re-raising urllib3
        variants, so that low-level exceptions are not leaked in the
        high-level api.

        On exit, release the connection back to the pool.
        """
        clean_exit = False

        try:
            try:
                yield

            except SocketTimeout:
                # FIXME: Ideally we'd like to include the url in the ReadTimeoutError but
                # there is yet no clean way to get at it from this context.
                raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")

            except BaseSSLError as e:
                # FIXME: Is there a better way to differentiate between SSLErrors?
                if "read operation timed out" not in str(e):
                    # SSL errors related to framing/MAC get wrapped and reraised here
                    raise SSLError(e)

                raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")

            except (HTTPException, SocketError) as e:
                # This includes IncompleteRead.
                raise ProtocolError("Connection broken: %r" % e, e)

            # If no exception is thrown, we should avoid cleaning up
            # unnecessarily.
            clean_exit = True
        finally:
            # If we didn't terminate cleanly, we need to throw away our
            # connection.
            if not clean_exit:
                # The response may not be closed but we're not going to use it
                # anymore so close it now to ensure that the connection is
                # released back to the pool.
                if self._original_response:
                    self._original_response.close()

                # Closing the response may not actually be sufficient to close
                # everything, so if we have a hold of the connection close that
                # too.
                if self._connection:
                    self._connection.close()

            # If we hold the original response but it's closed now, we should
            # return the connection back to the pool.
            if self._original_response and self._original_response.isclosed():
                self.release_conn()

    def _fp_read(self, amt):
        """
        Read a response with the thought that reading the number of bytes
        larger than can fit in a 32-bit int at a time via SSL in some
        known cases leads to an overflow error that has to be prevented
        if `amt` or `self.length_remaining` indicate that a problem may
        happen.

        The known cases:
          * 3.8 <= CPython < 3.9.7 because of a bug
            https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2513#issuecomment-1152559900.
          * urllib3 injected with pyOpenSSL-backed SSL-support.
          * CPython < 3.10 only when `amt` does not fit 32-bit int.
        """
        assert self._fp
        c_int_max = 2 ** 31 - 1
        if (
            (
                (amt and amt > c_int_max)
                or (self.length_remaining and self.length_remaining > c_int_max)
            )
            and not util.IS_SECURETRANSPORT
            and (util.IS_PYOPENSSL or sys.version_info < (3, 10))
        ):
            buffer = io.BytesIO()
            # Besides `max_chunk_amt` being a maximum chunk size, it
            # affects memory overhead of reading a response by this
            # method in CPython.
            # `c_int_max` equal to 2 GiB - 1 byte is the actual maximum
            # chunk size that does not lead to an overflow error, but
            # 256 MiB is a compromise.
            max_chunk_amt = 2 ** 28
            while amt is None or amt != 0:
                if amt is not None:
                    chunk_amt = min(amt, max_chunk_amt)
                    amt -= chunk_amt
                else:
                    chunk_amt = max_chunk_amt
                data = self._fp.read(chunk_amt)
                if not data:
                    break
                buffer.write(data)
                del data  # to reduce peak memory usage by `max_chunk_amt`.
            return buffer.getvalue()
        else:
            # StringIO doesn't like amt=None
            return self._fp.read(amt) if amt is not None else self._fp.read()

    def read(self, amt=None, decode_content=None, cache_content=False):
        """
        Similar to :meth:`http.client.HTTPResponse.read`, but with two additional
        parameters: ``decode_content`` and ``cache_content``.

        :param amt:
            How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped
            because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full
            response.

        :param decode_content:
            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
            'content-encoding' header.

        :param cache_content:
            If True, will save the returned data such that the same result is
            returned despite of the state of the underlying file object. This
            is useful if you want the ``.data`` property to continue working
            after having ``.read()`` the file object. (Overridden if ``amt`` is
            set.)
        """
        self._init_decoder()
        if decode_content is None:
            decode_content = self.decode_content

        if self._fp is None:
            return

        flush_decoder = False
        fp_closed = getattr(self._fp, "closed", False)

        with self._error_catcher():
            data = self._fp_read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
            if amt is None:
                flush_decoder = True
            else:
                cache_content = False
                if (
                    amt != 0 and not data
                ):  # Platform-specific: Buggy versions of Python.
                    # Close the connection when no data is returned
                    #
                    # This is redundant to what httplib/http.client _should_
                    # already do.  However, versions of python released before
                    # December 15, 2012 (http://bugs.python.org/issue16298) do
                    # not properly close the connection in all cases. There is
                    # no harm in redundantly calling close.
                    self._fp.close()
                    flush_decoder = True
                    if self.enforce_content_length and self.length_remaining not in (
                        0,
                        None,
                    ):
                        # This is an edge case that httplib failed to cover due
                        # to concerns of backward compatibility. We're
                        # addressing it here to make sure IncompleteRead is
                        # raised during streaming, so all calls with incorrect
                        # Content-Length are caught.
                        raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)

        if data:
            self._fp_bytes_read += len(data)
            if self.length_remaining is not None:
                self.length_remaining -= len(data)

            data = self._decode(data, decode_content, flush_decoder)

            if cache_content:
                self._body = data

        return data

    def stream(self, amt=2 ** 16, decode_content=None):
        """
        A generator wrapper for the read() method. A call will block until
        ``amt`` bytes have been read from the connection or until the
        connection is closed.

        :param amt:
            How much of the content to read. The generator will return up to
            much data per iteration, but may return less. This is particularly
            likely when using compressed data. However, the empty string will
            never be returned.

        :param decode_content:
            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
            'content-encoding' header.
        """
        if self.chunked and self.supports_chunked_reads():
            for line in self.read_chunked(amt, decode_content=decode_content):
                yield line
        else:
            while not is_fp_closed(self._fp):
                data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)

                if data:
                    yield data

    @classmethod
    def from_httplib(ResponseCls, r, **response_kw):
        """
        Given an :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` instance ``r``, return a
        corresponding :class:`urllib3.response.HTTPResponse` object.

        Remaining parameters are passed to the HTTPResponse constructor, along
        with ``original_response=r``.
        """
        headers = r.msg

        if not isinstance(headers, HTTPHeaderDict):
            if six.PY2:
                # Python 2.7
                headers = HTTPHeaderDict.from_httplib(headers)
            else:
                headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers.items())

        # HTTPResponse objects in Python 3 don't have a .strict attribute
        strict = getattr(r, "strict", 0)
        resp = ResponseCls(
            body=r,
            headers=headers,
            status=r.status,
            version=r.version,
            reason=r.reason,
            strict=strict,
            original_response=r,
            **response_kw
        )
        return resp

    # Backwards-compatibility methods for http.client.HTTPResponse
    def getheaders(self):
        warnings.warn(
            "HTTPResponse.getheaders() is deprecated and will be removed "
            "in urllib3 v2.1.0. Instead access HTTPResponse.headers directly.",
            category=DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
        return self.headers

    def getheader(self, name, default=None):
        warnings.warn(
            "HTTPResponse.getheader() is deprecated and will be removed "
            "in urllib3 v2.1.0. Instead use HTTPResponse.headers.get(name, default).",
            category=DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
        return self.headers.get(name, default)

    # Backwards compatibility for http.cookiejar
    def info(self):
        return self.headers

    # Overrides from io.IOBase
    def close(self):
        if not self.closed:
            self._fp.close()

        if self._connection:
            self._connection.close()

        if not self.auto_close:
            io.IOBase.close(self)

    @property
    def closed(self):
        if not self.auto_close:
            return io.IOBase.closed.__get__(self)
        elif self._fp is None:
            return True
        elif hasattr(self._fp, "isclosed"):
            return self._fp.isclosed()
        elif hasattr(self._fp, "closed"):
            return self._fp.closed
        else:
            return True

    def fileno(self):
        if self._fp is None:
            raise IOError("HTTPResponse has no file to get a fileno from")
        elif hasattr(self._fp, "fileno"):
            return self._fp.fileno()
        else:
            raise IOError(
                "The file-like object this HTTPResponse is wrapped "
                "around has no file descriptor"
            )

    def flush(self):
        if (
            self._fp is not None
            and hasattr(self._fp, "flush")
            and not getattr(self._fp, "closed", False)
        ):
            return self._fp.flush()

    def readable(self):
        # This method is required for `io` module compatibility.
        return True

    def readinto(self, b):
        # This method is required for `io` module compatibility.
        temp = self.read(len(b))
        if len(temp) == 0:
            return 0
        else:
            b[: len(temp)] = temp
            return len(temp)

    def supports_chunked_reads(self):
        """
        Checks if the underlying file-like object looks like a
        :class:`http.client.HTTPResponse` object. We do this by testing for
        the fp attribute. If it is present we assume it returns raw chunks as
        processed by read_chunked().
        """
        return hasattr(self._fp, "fp")

    def _update_chunk_length(self):
        # First, we'll figure out length of a chunk and then
        # we'll try to read it from socket.
        if self.chunk_left is not None:
            return
        line = self._fp.fp.readline()
        line = line.split(b";", 1)[0]
        try:
            self.chunk_left = int(line, 16)
        except ValueError:
            # Invalid chunked protocol response, abort.
            self.close()
            raise InvalidChunkLength(self, line)

    def _handle_chunk(self, amt):
        returned_chunk = None
        if amt is None:
            chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left)
            returned_chunk = chunk
            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
            self.chunk_left = None
        elif amt < self.chunk_left:
            value = self._fp._safe_read(amt)
            self.chunk_left = self.chunk_left - amt
            returned_chunk = value
        elif amt == self.chunk_left:
            value = self._fp._safe_read(amt)
            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
            self.chunk_left = None
            returned_chunk = value
        else:  # amt > self.chunk_left
            returned_chunk = self._fp._safe_read(self.chunk_left)
            self._fp._safe_read(2)  # Toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk.
            self.chunk_left = None
        return returned_chunk

    def read_chunked(self, amt=None, decode_content=None):
        """
        Similar to :meth:`HTTPResponse.read`, but with an additional
        parameter: ``decode_content``.

        :param amt:
            How much of the content to read. If specified, caching is skipped
            because it doesn't make sense to cache partial content as the full
            response.

        :param decode_content:
            If True, will attempt to decode the body based on the
            'content-encoding' header.
        """
        self._init_decoder()
        # FIXME: Rewrite this method and make it a class with a better structured logic.
        if not self.chunked:
            raise ResponseNotChunked(
                "Response is not chunked. "
                "Header 'transfer-encoding: chunked' is missing."
            )
        if not self.supports_chunked_reads():
            raise BodyNotHttplibCompatible(
                "Body should be http.client.HTTPResponse like. "
                "It should have have an fp attribute which returns raw chunks."
            )

        with self._error_catcher():
            # Don't bother reading the body of a HEAD request.
            if self._original_response and is_response_to_head(self._original_response):
                self._original_response.close()
                return

            # If a response is already read and closed
            # then return immediately.
            if self._fp.fp is None:
                return

            while True:
                self._update_chunk_length()
                if self.chunk_left == 0:
                    break
                chunk = self._handle_chunk(amt)
                decoded = self._decode(
                    chunk, decode_content=decode_content, flush_decoder=False
                )
                if decoded:
                    yield decoded

            if decode_content:
                # On CPython and PyPy, we should never need to flush the
                # decoder. However, on Jython we *might* need to, so
                # lets defensively do it anyway.
                decoded = self._flush_decoder()
                if decoded:  # Platform-specific: Jython.
                    yield decoded

            # Chunk content ends with \r\n: discard it.
            while True:
                line = self._fp.fp.readline()
                if not line:
                    # Some sites may not end with '\r\n'.
                    break
                if line == b"\r\n":
                    break

            # We read everything; close the "file".
            if self._original_response:
                self._original_response.close()

    def geturl(self):
        """
        Returns the URL that was the source of this response.
        If the request that generated this response redirected, this method
        will return the final redirect location.
        """
        if self.retries is not None and len(self.retries.history):
            return self.retries.history[-1].redirect_location
        else:
            return self._request_url

    def __iter__(self):
        buffer = []
        for chunk in self.stream(decode_content=True):
            if b"\n" in chunk:
                chunk = chunk.split(b"\n")
                yield b"".join(buffer) + chunk[0] + b"\n"
                for x in chunk[1:-1]:
                    yield x + b"\n"
                if chunk[-1]:
                    buffer = [chunk[-1]]
                else:
                    buffer = []
            else:
                buffer.append(chunk)
        if buffer:
            yield b"".join(buffer)

from typing import Any, Generic, List, Optional, TextIO, TypeVar, Union, overload

from . import get_console
from .console import Console
from .text import Text, TextType

PromptType = TypeVar("PromptType")
DefaultType = TypeVar("DefaultType")


class PromptError(Exception):
    """Exception base class for prompt related errors."""


class InvalidResponse(PromptError):
    """Exception to indicate a response was invalid. Raise this within process_response() to indicate an error
    and provide an error message.

    Args:
        message (Union[str, Text]): Error message.
    """

    def __init__(self, message: TextType) -> None:
        self.message = message

    def __rich__(self) -> TextType:
        return self.message


class PromptBase(Generic[PromptType]):
    """Ask the user for input until a valid response is received. This is the base class, see one of
    the concrete classes for examples.

    Args:
        prompt (TextType, optional): Prompt text. Defaults to "".
        console (Console, optional): A Console instance or None to use global console. Defaults to None.
        password (bool, optional): Enable password input. Defaults to False.
        choices (List[str], optional): A list of valid choices. Defaults to None.
        show_default (bool, optional): Show default in prompt. Defaults to True.
        show_choices (bool, optional): Show choices in prompt. Defaults to True.
    """

    response_type: type = str

    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter a valid value"
    illegal_choice_message = (
        "[prompt.invalid.choice]Please select one of the available options"
    )
    prompt_suffix = ": "

    choices: Optional[List[str]] = None

    def __init__(
        self,
        prompt: TextType = "",
        *,
        console: Optional[Console] = None,
        password: bool = False,
        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        show_default: bool = True,
        show_choices: bool = True,
    ) -> None:
        self.console = console or get_console()
        self.prompt = (
            Text.from_markup(prompt, style="prompt")
            if isinstance(prompt, str)
            else prompt
        )
        self.password = password
        if choices is not None:
            self.choices = choices
        self.show_default = show_default
        self.show_choices = show_choices

    @classmethod
    @overload
    def ask(
        cls,
        prompt: TextType = "",
        *,
        console: Optional[Console] = None,
        password: bool = False,
        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        show_default: bool = True,
        show_choices: bool = True,
        default: DefaultType,
        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
    ) -> Union[DefaultType, PromptType]:
        ...

    @classmethod
    @overload
    def ask(
        cls,
        prompt: TextType = "",
        *,
        console: Optional[Console] = None,
        password: bool = False,
        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        show_default: bool = True,
        show_choices: bool = True,
        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
    ) -> PromptType:
        ...

    @classmethod
    def ask(
        cls,
        prompt: TextType = "",
        *,
        console: Optional[Console] = None,
        password: bool = False,
        choices: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        show_default: bool = True,
        show_choices: bool = True,
        default: Any = ...,
        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
    ) -> Any:
        """Shortcut to construct and run a prompt loop and return the result.

        Example:
            >>> filename = Prompt.ask("Enter a filename")

        Args:
            prompt (TextType, optional): Prompt text. Defaults to "".
            console (Console, optional): A Console instance or None to use global console. Defaults to None.
            password (bool, optional): Enable password input. Defaults to False.
            choices (List[str], optional): A list of valid choices. Defaults to None.
            show_default (bool, optional): Show default in prompt. Defaults to True.
            show_choices (bool, optional): Show choices in prompt. Defaults to True.
            stream (TextIO, optional): Optional text file open for reading to get input. Defaults to None.
        """
        _prompt = cls(
            prompt,
            console=console,
            password=password,
            choices=choices,
            show_default=show_default,
            show_choices=show_choices,
        )
        return _prompt(default=default, stream=stream)

    def render_default(self, default: DefaultType) -> Text:
        """Turn the supplied default in to a Text instance.

        Args:
            default (DefaultType): Default value.

        Returns:
            Text: Text containing rendering of default value.
        """
        return Text(f"({default})", "prompt.default")

    def make_prompt(self, default: DefaultType) -> Text:
        """Make prompt text.

        Args:
            default (DefaultType): Default value.

        Returns:
            Text: Text to display in prompt.
        """
        prompt = self.prompt.copy()
        prompt.end = ""

        if self.show_choices and self.choices:
            _choices = "/".join(self.choices)
            choices = f"[{_choices}]"
            prompt.append(" ")
            prompt.append(choices, "prompt.choices")

        if (
            default != ...
            and self.show_default
            and isinstance(default, (str, self.response_type))
        ):
            prompt.append(" ")
            _default = self.render_default(default)
            prompt.append(_default)

        prompt.append(self.prompt_suffix)

        return prompt

    @classmethod
    def get_input(
        cls,
        console: Console,
        prompt: TextType,
        password: bool,
        stream: Optional[TextIO] = None,
    ) -> str:
        """Get input from user.

        Args:
            console (Console): Console instance.
            prompt (TextType): Prompt text.
            password (bool): Enable password entry.

        Returns:
            str: String from user.
        """
        return console.input(prompt, password=password, stream=stream)

    def check_choice(self, value: str) -> bool:
        """Check value is in the list of valid choices.

        Args:
            value (str): Value entered by user.

        Returns:
            bool: True if choice was valid, otherwise False.
        """
        assert self.choices is not None
        return value.strip() in self.choices

    def process_response(self, value: str) -> PromptType:
        """Process response from user, convert to prompt type.

        Args:
            value (str): String typed by user.

        Raises:
            InvalidResponse: If ``value`` is invalid.

        Returns:
            PromptType: The value to be returned from ask method.
        """
        value = value.strip()
        try:
            return_value: PromptType = self.response_type(value)
        except ValueError:
            raise InvalidResponse(self.validate_error_message)

        if self.choices is not None and not self.check_choice(value):
            raise InvalidResponse(self.illegal_choice_message)

        return return_value

    def on_validate_error(self, value: str, error: InvalidResponse) -> None:
        """Called to handle validation error.

        Args:
            value (str): String entered by user.
            error (InvalidResponse): Exception instance the initiated the error.
        """
        self.console.print(error)

    def pre_prompt(self) -> None:
        """Hook to display something before the prompt."""

    @overload
    def __call__(self, *, stream: Optional[TextIO] = None) -> PromptType:
        ...

    @overload
    def __call__(
        self, *, default: DefaultType, stream: Optional[TextIO] = None
    ) -> Union[PromptType, DefaultType]:
        ...

    def __call__(self, *, default: Any = ..., stream: Optional[TextIO] = None) -> Any:
        """Run the prompt loop.

        Args:
            default (Any, optional): Optional default value.

        Returns:
            PromptType: Processed value.
        """
        while True:
            self.pre_prompt()
            prompt = self.make_prompt(default)
            value = self.get_input(self.console, prompt, self.password, stream=stream)
            if value == "" and default != ...:
                return default
            try:
                return_value = self.process_response(value)
            except InvalidResponse as error:
                self.on_validate_error(value, error)
                continue
            else:
                return return_value


class Prompt(PromptBase[str]):
    """A prompt that returns a str.

    Example:
        >>> name = Prompt.ask("Enter your name")


    """

    response_type = str


class IntPrompt(PromptBase[int]):
    """A prompt that returns an integer.

    Example:
        >>> burrito_count = IntPrompt.ask("How many burritos do you want to order")

    """

    response_type = int
    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter a valid integer number"


class FloatPrompt(PromptBase[float]):
    """A prompt that returns a float.

    Example:
        >>> temperature = FloatPrompt.ask("Enter desired temperature")

    """

    response_type = float
    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter a number"


class Confirm(PromptBase[bool]):
    """A yes / no confirmation prompt.

    Example:
        >>> if Confirm.ask("Continue"):
                run_job()

    """

    response_type = bool
    validate_error_message = "[prompt.invalid]Please enter Y or N"
    choices: List[str] = ["y", "n"]

    def render_default(self, default: DefaultType) -> Text:
        """Render the default as (y) or (n) rather than True/False."""
        yes, no = self.choices
        return Text(f"({yes})" if default else f"({no})", style="prompt.default")

    def process_response(self, value: str) -> bool:
        """Convert choices to a bool."""
        value = value.strip().lower()
        if value not in self.choices:
            raise InvalidResponse(self.validate_error_message)
        return value == self.choices[0]


if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
    from pip._vendor.rich import print

    if Confirm.ask("Run [i]prompt[/i] tests?", default=True):
        while True:
            result = IntPrompt.ask(
                ":rocket: Enter a number between [b]1[/b] and [b]10[/b]", default=5
            )
            if result >= 1 and result <= 10:
                break
            print(":pile_of_poo: [prompt.invalid]Number must be between 1 and 10")
        print(f"number={result}")

        while True:
            password = Prompt.ask(
                "Please enter a password [cyan](must be at least 5 characters)",
                password=True,
            )
            if len(password) >= 5:
                break
            print("[prompt.invalid]password too short")
        print(f"password={password!r}")

        fruit = Prompt.ask("Enter a fruit", choices=["apple", "orange", "pear"])
        print(f"fruit={fruit!r}")

    else:
        print("[b]OK :loudly_crying_face:")

"""
This module provides a pool manager that uses Google App Engine's
`URLFetch Service <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch>`_.

Example usage::

    from pip._vendor.urllib3 import PoolManager
    from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib.appengine import AppEngineManager, is_appengine_sandbox

    if is_appengine_sandbox():
        # AppEngineManager uses AppEngine's URLFetch API behind the scenes
        http = AppEngineManager()
    else:
        # PoolManager uses a socket-level API behind the scenes
        http = PoolManager()

    r = http.request('GET', 'https://google.com/')

There are `limitations <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/\
urlfetch/#Python_Quotas_and_limits>`_ to the URLFetch service and it may not be
the best choice for your application. There are three options for using
urllib3 on Google App Engine:

1. You can use :class:`AppEngineManager` with URLFetch. URLFetch is
   cost-effective in many circumstances as long as your usage is within the
   limitations.
2. You can use a normal :class:`~urllib3.PoolManager` by enabling sockets.
   Sockets also have `limitations and restrictions
   <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/sockets/\
   #limitations-and-restrictions>`_ and have a lower free quota than URLFetch.
   To use sockets, be sure to specify the following in your ``app.yaml``::

        env_variables:
            GAE_USE_SOCKETS_HTTPLIB : 'true'

3. If you are using `App Engine Flexible
<https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/flexible/>`_, you can use the standard
:class:`PoolManager` without any configuration or special environment variables.
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import

import io
import logging
import warnings

from ..exceptions import (
    HTTPError,
    HTTPWarning,
    MaxRetryError,
    ProtocolError,
    SSLError,
    TimeoutError,
)
from ..packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin
from ..request import RequestMethods
from ..response import HTTPResponse
from ..util.retry import Retry
from ..util.timeout import Timeout
from . import _appengine_environ

try:
    from google.appengine.api import urlfetch
except ImportError:
    urlfetch = None


log = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class AppEnginePlatformWarning(HTTPWarning):
    pass


class AppEnginePlatformError(HTTPError):
    pass


class AppEngineManager(RequestMethods):
    """
    Connection manager for Google App Engine sandbox applications.

    This manager uses the URLFetch service directly instead of using the
    emulated httplib, and is subject to URLFetch limitations as described in
    the App Engine documentation `here
    <https://cloud.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch>`_.

    Notably it will raise an :class:`AppEnginePlatformError` if:
        * URLFetch is not available.
        * If you attempt to use this on App Engine Flexible, as full socket
          support is available.
        * If a request size is more than 10 megabytes.
        * If a response size is more than 32 megabytes.
        * If you use an unsupported request method such as OPTIONS.

    Beyond those cases, it will raise normal urllib3 errors.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        headers=None,
        retries=None,
        validate_certificate=True,
        urlfetch_retries=True,
    ):
        if not urlfetch:
            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
                "URLFetch is not available in this environment."
            )

        warnings.warn(
            "urllib3 is using URLFetch on Google App Engine sandbox instead "
            "of sockets. To use sockets directly instead of URLFetch see "
            "https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/reference/urllib3.contrib.html.",
            AppEnginePlatformWarning,
        )

        RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
        self.validate_certificate = validate_certificate
        self.urlfetch_retries = urlfetch_retries

        self.retries = retries or Retry.DEFAULT

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        # Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
        return False

    def urlopen(
        self,
        method,
        url,
        body=None,
        headers=None,
        retries=None,
        redirect=True,
        timeout=Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
        **response_kw
    ):

        retries = self._get_retries(retries, redirect)

        try:
            follow_redirects = redirect and retries.redirect != 0 and retries.total
            response = urlfetch.fetch(
                url,
                payload=body,
                method=method,
                headers=headers or {},
                allow_truncated=False,
                follow_redirects=self.urlfetch_retries and follow_redirects,
                deadline=self._get_absolute_timeout(timeout),
                validate_certificate=self.validate_certificate,
            )
        except urlfetch.DeadlineExceededError as e:
            raise TimeoutError(self, e)

        except urlfetch.InvalidURLError as e:
            if "too large" in str(e):
                raise AppEnginePlatformError(
                    "URLFetch request too large, URLFetch only "
                    "supports requests up to 10mb in size.",
                    e,
                )
            raise ProtocolError(e)

        except urlfetch.DownloadError as e:
            if "Too many redirects" in str(e):
                raise MaxRetryError(self, url, reason=e)
            raise ProtocolError(e)

        except urlfetch.ResponseTooLargeError as e:
            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
                "URLFetch response too large, URLFetch only supports"
                "responses up to 32mb in size.",
                e,
            )

        except urlfetch.SSLCertificateError as e:
            raise SSLError(e)

        except urlfetch.InvalidMethodError as e:
            raise AppEnginePlatformError(
                "URLFetch does not support method: %s" % method, e
            )

        http_response = self._urlfetch_response_to_http_response(
            response, retries=retries, **response_kw
        )

        # Handle redirect?
        redirect_location = redirect and http_response.get_redirect_location()
        if redirect_location:
            # Check for redirect response
            if self.urlfetch_retries and retries.raise_on_redirect:
                raise MaxRetryError(self, url, "too many redirects")
            else:
                if http_response.status == 303:
                    method = "GET"

                try:
                    retries = retries.increment(
                        method, url, response=http_response, _pool=self
                    )
                except MaxRetryError:
                    if retries.raise_on_redirect:
                        raise MaxRetryError(self, url, "too many redirects")
                    return http_response

                retries.sleep_for_retry(http_response)
                log.debug("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
                redirect_url = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
                return self.urlopen(
                    method,
                    redirect_url,
                    body,
                    headers,
                    retries=retries,
                    redirect=redirect,
                    timeout=timeout,
                    **response_kw
                )

        # Check if we should retry the HTTP response.
        has_retry_after = bool(http_response.headers.get("Retry-After"))
        if retries.is_retry(method, http_response.status, has_retry_after):
            retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=http_response, _pool=self)
            log.debug("Retry: %s", url)
            retries.sleep(http_response)
            return self.urlopen(
                method,
                url,
                body=body,
                headers=headers,
                retries=retries,
                redirect=redirect,
                timeout=timeout,
                **response_kw
            )

        return http_response

    def _urlfetch_response_to_http_response(self, urlfetch_resp, **response_kw):

        if is_prod_appengine():
            # Production GAE handles deflate encoding automatically, but does
            # not remove the encoding header.
            content_encoding = urlfetch_resp.headers.get("content-encoding")

            if content_encoding == "deflate":
                del urlfetch_resp.headers["content-encoding"]

        transfer_encoding = urlfetch_resp.headers.get("transfer-encoding")
        # We have a full response's content,
        # so let's make sure we don't report ourselves as chunked data.
        if transfer_encoding == "chunked":
            encodings = transfer_encoding.split(",")
            encodings.remove("chunked")
            urlfetch_resp.headers["transfer-encoding"] = ",".join(encodings)

        original_response = HTTPResponse(
            # In order for decoding to work, we must present the content as
            # a file-like object.
            body=io.BytesIO(urlfetch_resp.content),
            msg=urlfetch_resp.header_msg,
            headers=urlfetch_resp.headers,
            status=urlfetch_resp.status_code,
            **response_kw
        )

        return HTTPResponse(
            body=io.BytesIO(urlfetch_resp.content),
            headers=urlfetch_resp.headers,
            status=urlfetch_resp.status_code,
            original_response=original_response,
            **response_kw
        )

    def _get_absolute_timeout(self, timeout):
        if timeout is Timeout.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
            return None  # Defer to URLFetch's default.
        if isinstance(timeout, Timeout):
            if timeout._read is not None or timeout._connect is not None:
                warnings.warn(
                    "URLFetch does not support granular timeout settings, "
                    "reverting to total or default URLFetch timeout.",
                    AppEnginePlatformWarning,
                )
            return timeout.total
        return timeout

    def _get_retries(self, retries, redirect):
        if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
            retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect, default=self.retries)

        if retries.connect or retries.read or retries.redirect:
            warnings.warn(
                "URLFetch only supports total retries and does not "
                "recognize connect, read, or redirect retry parameters.",
                AppEnginePlatformWarning,
            )

        return retries


# Alias methods from _appengine_environ to maintain public API interface.

is_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_appengine
is_appengine_sandbox = _appengine_environ.is_appengine_sandbox
is_local_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_local_appengine
is_prod_appengine = _appengine_environ.is_prod_appengine
is_prod_appengine_mvms = _appengine_environ.is_prod_appengine_mvms