"""Locations where we look for configs, install stuff, etc"""

# The following comment should be removed at some point in the future.
# mypy: strict-optional=False

# If pip's going to use distutils, it should not be using the copy that setuptools
# might have injected into the environment. This is done by removing the injected
# shim, if it's injected.
#
# See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8761 for the original discussion and
# rationale for why this is done within pip.
try:
    __import__("_distutils_hack").remove_shim()
except (ImportError, AttributeError):
    pass

import logging
import os
import sys
from distutils.cmd import Command as DistutilsCommand
from distutils.command.install import SCHEME_KEYS
from distutils.command.install import install as distutils_install_command
from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib
from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union

from pip._internal.models.scheme import Scheme
from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import running_under_virtualenv

from .base import get_major_minor_version

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def distutils_scheme(
    dist_name: str,
    user: bool = False,
    home: Optional[str] = None,
    root: Optional[str] = None,
    isolated: bool = False,
    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
    *,
    ignore_config_files: bool = False,
) -> Dict[str, str]:
    """
    Return a distutils install scheme
    """
    from distutils.dist import Distribution

    dist_args: Dict[str, Union[str, List[str]]] = {"name": dist_name}
    if isolated:
        dist_args["script_args"] = ["--no-user-cfg"]

    d = Distribution(dist_args)
    if not ignore_config_files:
        try:
            d.parse_config_files()
        except UnicodeDecodeError:
            paths = d.find_config_files()
            logger.warning(
                "Ignore distutils configs in %s due to encoding errors.",
                ", ".join(os.path.basename(p) for p in paths),
            )
    obj: Optional[DistutilsCommand] = None
    obj = d.get_command_obj("install", create=True)
    assert obj is not None
    i: distutils_install_command = obj
    # NOTE: setting user or home has the side-effect of creating the home dir
    # or user base for installations during finalize_options()
    # ideally, we'd prefer a scheme class that has no side-effects.
    assert not (user and prefix), f"user={user} prefix={prefix}"
    assert not (home and prefix), f"home={home} prefix={prefix}"
    i.user = user or i.user
    if user or home:
        i.prefix = ""
    i.prefix = prefix or i.prefix
    i.home = home or i.home
    i.root = root or i.root
    i.finalize_options()

    scheme: Dict[str, str] = {}
    for key in SCHEME_KEYS:
        scheme[key] = getattr(i, "install_" + key)

    # install_lib specified in setup.cfg should install *everything*
    # into there (i.e. it takes precedence over both purelib and
    # platlib).  Note, i.install_lib is *always* set after
    # finalize_options(); we only want to override here if the user
    # has explicitly requested it hence going back to the config
    if "install_lib" in d.get_option_dict("install"):
        scheme.update({"purelib": i.install_lib, "platlib": i.install_lib})

    if running_under_virtualenv():
        if home:
            prefix = home
        elif user:
            prefix = i.install_userbase
        else:
            prefix = i.prefix
        scheme["headers"] = os.path.join(
            prefix,
            "include",
            "site",
            f"python{get_major_minor_version()}",
            dist_name,
        )

        if root is not None:
            path_no_drive = os.path.splitdrive(os.path.abspath(scheme["headers"]))[1]
            scheme["headers"] = os.path.join(root, path_no_drive[1:])

    return scheme


def get_scheme(
    dist_name: str,
    user: bool = False,
    home: Optional[str] = None,
    root: Optional[str] = None,
    isolated: bool = False,
    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
) -> Scheme:
    """
    Get the "scheme" corresponding to the input parameters. The distutils
    documentation provides the context for the available schemes:
    https://docs.python.org/3/install/index.html#alternate-installation

    :param dist_name: the name of the package to retrieve the scheme for, used
        in the headers scheme path
    :param user: indicates to use the "user" scheme
    :param home: indicates to use the "home" scheme and provides the base
        directory for the same
    :param root: root under which other directories are re-based
    :param isolated: equivalent to --no-user-cfg, i.e. do not consider
        ~/.pydistutils.cfg (posix) or ~/pydistutils.cfg (non-posix) for
        scheme paths
    :param prefix: indicates to use the "prefix" scheme and provides the
        base directory for the same
    """
    scheme = distutils_scheme(dist_name, user, home, root, isolated, prefix)
    return Scheme(
        platlib=scheme["platlib"],
        purelib=scheme["purelib"],
        headers=scheme["headers"],
        scripts=scheme["scripts"],
        data=scheme["data"],
    )


def get_bin_prefix() -> str:
    # XXX: In old virtualenv versions, sys.prefix can contain '..' components,
    # so we need to call normpath to eliminate them.
    prefix = os.path.normpath(sys.prefix)
    if WINDOWS:
        bin_py = os.path.join(prefix, "Scripts")
        # buildout uses 'bin' on Windows too?
        if not os.path.exists(bin_py):
            bin_py = os.path.join(prefix, "bin")
        return bin_py
    # Forcing to use /usr/local/bin for standard macOS framework installs
    # Also log to ~/Library/Logs/ for use with the Console.app log viewer
    if sys.platform[:6] == "darwin" and prefix[:16] == "/System/Library/":
        return "/usr/local/bin"
    return os.path.join(prefix, "bin")


def get_purelib() -> str:
    return get_python_lib(plat_specific=False)


def get_platlib() -> str:
    return get_python_lib(plat_specific=True)

from __future__ import annotations

import contextlib
import re
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Iterator, NoReturn

from .specifiers import Specifier


@dataclass
class Token:
    name: str
    text: str
    position: int


class ParserSyntaxError(Exception):
    """The provided source text could not be parsed correctly."""

    def __init__(
        self,
        message: str,
        *,
        source: str,
        span: tuple[int, int],
    ) -> None:
        self.span = span
        self.message = message
        self.source = source

        super().__init__()

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        marker = " " * self.span[0] + "~" * (self.span[1] - self.span[0]) + "^"
        return "\n    ".join([self.message, self.source, marker])


DEFAULT_RULES: dict[str, str | re.Pattern[str]] = {
    "LEFT_PARENTHESIS": r"\(",
    "RIGHT_PARENTHESIS": r"\)",
    "LEFT_BRACKET": r"\[",
    "RIGHT_BRACKET": r"\]",
    "SEMICOLON": r";",
    "COMMA": r",",
    "QUOTED_STRING": re.compile(
        r"""
            (
                ('[^']*')
                |
                ("[^"]*")
            )
        """,
        re.VERBOSE,
    ),
    "OP": r"(===|==|~=|!=|<=|>=|<|>)",
    "BOOLOP": r"\b(or|and)\b",
    "IN": r"\bin\b",
    "NOT": r"\bnot\b",
    "VARIABLE": re.compile(
        r"""
            \b(
                python_version
                |python_full_version
                |os[._]name
                |sys[._]platform
                |platform_(release|system)
                |platform[._](version|machine|python_implementation)
                |python_implementation
                |implementation_(name|version)
                |extra
            )\b
        """,
        re.VERBOSE,
    ),
    "SPECIFIER": re.compile(
        Specifier._operator_regex_str + Specifier._version_regex_str,
        re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE,
    ),
    "AT": r"\@",
    "URL": r"[^ \t]+",
    "IDENTIFIER": r"\b[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9._-]*\b",
    "VERSION_PREFIX_TRAIL": r"\.\*",
    "VERSION_LOCAL_LABEL_TRAIL": r"\+[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*",
    "WS": r"[ \t]+",
    "END": r"$",
}


class Tokenizer:
    """Context-sensitive token parsing.

    Provides methods to examine the input stream to check whether the next token
    matches.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        source: str,
        *,
        rules: dict[str, str | re.Pattern[str]],
    ) -> None:
        self.source = source
        self.rules: dict[str, re.Pattern[str]] = {
            name: re.compile(pattern) for name, pattern in rules.items()
        }
        self.next_token: Token | None = None
        self.position = 0

    def consume(self, name: str) -> None:
        """Move beyond provided token name, if at current position."""
        if self.check(name):
            self.read()

    def check(self, name: str, *, peek: bool = False) -> bool:
        """Check whether the next token has the provided name.

        By default, if the check succeeds, the token *must* be read before
        another check. If `peek` is set to `True`, the token is not loaded and
        would need to be checked again.
        """
        assert (
            self.next_token is None
        ), f"Cannot check for {name!r}, already have {self.next_token!r}"
        assert name in self.rules, f"Unknown token name: {name!r}"

        expression = self.rules[name]

        match = expression.match(self.source, self.position)
        if match is None:
            return False
        if not peek:
            self.next_token = Token(name, match[0], self.position)
        return True

    def expect(self, name: str, *, expected: str) -> Token:
        """Expect a certain token name next, failing with a syntax error otherwise.

        The token is *not* read.
        """
        if not self.check(name):
            raise self.raise_syntax_error(f"Expected {expected}")
        return self.read()

    def read(self) -> Token:
        """Consume the next token and return it."""
        token = self.next_token
        assert token is not None

        self.position += len(token.text)
        self.next_token = None

        return token

    def raise_syntax_error(
        self,
        message: str,
        *,
        span_start: int | None = None,
        span_end: int | None = None,
    ) -> NoReturn:
        """Raise ParserSyntaxError at the given position."""
        span = (
            self.position if span_start is None else span_start,
            self.position if span_end is None else span_end,
        )
        raise ParserSyntaxError(
            message,
            source=self.source,
            span=span,
        )

    @contextlib.contextmanager
    def enclosing_tokens(
        self, open_token: str, close_token: str, *, around: str
    ) -> Iterator[None]:
        if self.check(open_token):
            open_position = self.position
            self.read()
        else:
            open_position = None

        yield

        if open_position is None:
            return

        if not self.check(close_token):
            self.raise_syntax_error(
                f"Expected matching {close_token} for {open_token}, after {around}",
                span_start=open_position,
            )

        self.read()

import logging
import os
import subprocess
from optparse import Values
from typing import Any, List, Optional

from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
from pip._internal.configuration import (
    Configuration,
    Kind,
    get_configuration_files,
    kinds,
)
from pip._internal.exceptions import PipError
from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog, write_output

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class ConfigurationCommand(Command):
    """
    Manage local and global configuration.

    Subcommands:

    - list: List the active configuration (or from the file specified)
    - edit: Edit the configuration file in an editor
    - get: Get the value associated with command.option
    - set: Set the command.option=value
    - unset: Unset the value associated with command.option
    - debug: List the configuration files and values defined under them

    Configuration keys should be dot separated command and option name,
    with the special prefix "global" affecting any command. For example,
    "pip config set global.index-url https://example.org/" would configure
    the index url for all commands, but "pip config set download.timeout 10"
    would configure a 10 second timeout only for "pip download" commands.

    If none of --user, --global and --site are passed, a virtual
    environment configuration file is used if one is active and the file
    exists. Otherwise, all modifications happen to the user file by
    default.
    """

    ignore_require_venv = True
    usage = """
        %prog [<file-option>] list
        %prog [<file-option>] [--editor <editor-path>] edit

        %prog [<file-option>] get command.option
        %prog [<file-option>] set command.option value
        %prog [<file-option>] unset command.option
        %prog [<file-option>] debug
    """

    def add_options(self) -> None:
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--editor",
            dest="editor",
            action="store",
            default=None,
            help=(
                "Editor to use to edit the file. Uses VISUAL or EDITOR "
                "environment variables if not provided."
            ),
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--global",
            dest="global_file",
            action="store_true",
            default=False,
            help="Use the system-wide configuration file only",
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--user",
            dest="user_file",
            action="store_true",
            default=False,
            help="Use the user configuration file only",
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--site",
            dest="site_file",
            action="store_true",
            default=False,
            help="Use the current environment configuration file only",
        )

        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)

    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
        handlers = {
            "list": self.list_values,
            "edit": self.open_in_editor,
            "get": self.get_name,
            "set": self.set_name_value,
            "unset": self.unset_name,
            "debug": self.list_config_values,
        }

        # Determine action
        if not args or args[0] not in handlers:
            logger.error(
                "Need an action (%s) to perform.",
                ", ".join(sorted(handlers)),
            )
            return ERROR

        action = args[0]

        # Determine which configuration files are to be loaded
        #    Depends on whether the command is modifying.
        try:
            load_only = self._determine_file(
                options, need_value=(action in ["get", "set", "unset", "edit"])
            )
        except PipError as e:
            logger.error(e.args[0])
            return ERROR

        # Load a new configuration
        self.configuration = Configuration(
            isolated=options.isolated_mode, load_only=load_only
        )
        self.configuration.load()

        # Error handling happens here, not in the action-handlers.
        try:
            handlers[action](options, args[1:])
        except PipError as e:
            logger.error(e.args[0])
            return ERROR

        return SUCCESS

    def _determine_file(self, options: Values, need_value: bool) -> Optional[Kind]:
        file_options = [
            key
            for key, value in (
                (kinds.USER, options.user_file),
                (kinds.GLOBAL, options.global_file),
                (kinds.SITE, options.site_file),
            )
            if value
        ]

        if not file_options:
            if not need_value:
                return None
            # Default to user, unless there's a site file.
            elif any(
                os.path.exists(site_config_file)
                for site_config_file in get_configuration_files()[kinds.SITE]
            ):
                return kinds.SITE
            else:
                return kinds.USER
        elif len(file_options) == 1:
            return file_options[0]

        raise PipError(
            "Need exactly one file to operate upon "
            "(--user, --site, --global) to perform."
        )

    def list_values(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
        self._get_n_args(args, "list", n=0)

        for key, value in sorted(self.configuration.items()):
            write_output("%s=%r", key, value)

    def get_name(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
        key = self._get_n_args(args, "get [name]", n=1)
        value = self.configuration.get_value(key)

        write_output("%s", value)

    def set_name_value(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
        key, value = self._get_n_args(args, "set [name] [value]", n=2)
        self.configuration.set_value(key, value)

        self._save_configuration()

    def unset_name(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
        key = self._get_n_args(args, "unset [name]", n=1)
        self.configuration.unset_value(key)

        self._save_configuration()

    def list_config_values(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
        """List config key-value pairs across different config files"""
        self._get_n_args(args, "debug", n=0)

        self.print_env_var_values()
        # Iterate over config files and print if they exist, and the
        # key-value pairs present in them if they do
        for variant, files in sorted(self.configuration.iter_config_files()):
            write_output("%s:", variant)
            for fname in files:
                with indent_log():
                    file_exists = os.path.exists(fname)
                    write_output("%s, exists: %r", fname, file_exists)
                    if file_exists:
                        self.print_config_file_values(variant)

    def print_config_file_values(self, variant: Kind) -> None:
        """Get key-value pairs from the file of a variant"""
        for name, value in self.configuration.get_values_in_config(variant).items():
            with indent_log():
                write_output("%s: %s", name, value)

    def print_env_var_values(self) -> None:
        """Get key-values pairs present as environment variables"""
        write_output("%s:", "env_var")
        with indent_log():
            for key, value in sorted(self.configuration.get_environ_vars()):
                env_var = f"PIP_{key.upper()}"
                write_output("%s=%r", env_var, value)

    def open_in_editor(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> None:
        editor = self._determine_editor(options)

        fname = self.configuration.get_file_to_edit()
        if fname is None:
            raise PipError("Could not determine appropriate file.")
        elif '"' in fname:
            # This shouldn't happen, unless we see a username like that.
            # If that happens, we'd appreciate a pull request fixing this.
            raise PipError(
                f'Can not open an editor for a file name containing "\n{fname}'
            )

        try:
            subprocess.check_call(f'{editor} "{fname}"', shell=True)
        except FileNotFoundError as e:
            if not e.filename:
                e.filename = editor
            raise
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
            raise PipError(f"Editor Subprocess exited with exit code {e.returncode}")

    def _get_n_args(self, args: List[str], example: str, n: int) -> Any:
        """Helper to make sure the command got the right number of arguments"""
        if len(args) != n:
            msg = (
                f"Got unexpected number of arguments, expected {n}. "
                f'(example: "{get_prog()} config {example}")'
            )
            raise PipError(msg)

        if n == 1:
            return args[0]
        else:
            return args

    def _save_configuration(self) -> None:
        # We successfully ran a modifying command. Need to save the
        # configuration.
        try:
            self.configuration.save()
        except Exception:
            logger.exception(
                "Unable to save configuration. Please report this as a bug."
            )
            raise PipError("Internal Error.")

    def _determine_editor(self, options: Values) -> str:
        if options.editor is not None:
            return options.editor
        elif "VISUAL" in os.environ:
            return os.environ["VISUAL"]
        elif "EDITOR" in os.environ:
            return os.environ["EDITOR"]
        else:
            raise PipError("Could not determine editor to use.")

"""
For types associated with installation schemes.

For a general overview of available schemes and their context, see
https://docs.python.org/3/install/index.html#alternate-installation.
"""

from dataclasses import dataclass

SCHEME_KEYS = ["platlib", "purelib", "headers", "scripts", "data"]


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Scheme:
    """A Scheme holds paths which are used as the base directories for
    artifacts associated with a Python package.
    """

    __slots__ = SCHEME_KEYS

    platlib: str
    purelib: str
    headers: str
    scripts: str
    data: str

from typing import List, TypeVar

T = TypeVar("T")


class Stack(List[T]):
    """A small shim over builtin list."""

    @property
    def top(self) -> T:
        """Get top of stack."""
        return self[-1]

    def push(self, item: T) -> None:
        """Push an item on to the stack (append in stack nomenclature)."""
        self.append(item)

import errno
import json
import operator
import os
import shutil
import site
from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP, Values
from typing import List, Optional

from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
from pip._vendor.rich import print_json

from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
from pip._internal.cli.cmdoptions import make_target_python
from pip._internal.cli.req_command import (
    RequirementCommand,
    with_cleanup,
)
from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, InstallationError
from pip._internal.locations import get_scheme
from pip._internal.metadata import get_environment
from pip._internal.models.installation_report import InstallationReport
from pip._internal.operations.build.build_tracker import get_build_tracker
from pip._internal.operations.check import ConflictDetails, check_install_conflicts
from pip._internal.req import install_given_reqs
from pip._internal.req.req_install import (
    InstallRequirement,
    check_legacy_setup_py_options,
)
from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import test_writable_dir
from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger
from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
    check_externally_managed,
    ensure_dir,
    get_pip_version,
    protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows,
    warn_if_run_as_root,
    write_output,
)
from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import (
    running_under_virtualenv,
    virtualenv_no_global,
)
from pip._internal.wheel_builder import build, should_build_for_install_command

logger = getLogger(__name__)


class InstallCommand(RequirementCommand):
    """
    Install packages from:

    - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
    - VCS project urls.
    - Local project directories.
    - Local or remote source archives.

    pip also supports installing from "requirements files", which provide
    an easy way to specify a whole environment to be installed.
    """

    usage = """
      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
      %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
      %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""

    def add_options(self) -> None:
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--dry-run",
            action="store_true",
            dest="dry_run",
            default=False,
            help=(
                "Don't actually install anything, just print what would be. "
                "Can be used in combination with --ignore-installed "
                "to 'resolve' the requirements."
            ),
        )
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "-t",
            "--target",
            dest="target_dir",
            metavar="dir",
            default=None,
            help=(
                "Install packages into <dir>. "
                "By default this will not replace existing files/folders in "
                "<dir>. Use --upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> "
                "with new versions."
            ),
        )
        cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts)

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--user",
            dest="use_user_site",
            action="store_true",
            help=(
                "Install to the Python user install directory for your "
                "platform. Typically ~/.local/, or %APPDATA%\\Python on "
                "Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE "
                "for full details.)"
            ),
        )
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--no-user",
            dest="use_user_site",
            action="store_false",
            help=SUPPRESS_HELP,
        )
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--root",
            dest="root_path",
            metavar="dir",
            default=None,
            help="Install everything relative to this alternate root directory.",
        )
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--prefix",
            dest="prefix_path",
            metavar="dir",
            default=None,
            help=(
                "Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level "
                "folders are placed. Note that the resulting installation may "
                "contain scripts and other resources which reference the "
                "Python interpreter of pip, and not that of ``--prefix``. "
                "See also the ``--python`` option if the intention is to "
                "install packages into another (possibly pip-free) "
                "environment."
            ),
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "-U",
            "--upgrade",
            dest="upgrade",
            action="store_true",
            help=(
                "Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available "
                "version. The handling of dependencies depends on the "
                "upgrade-strategy used."
            ),
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--upgrade-strategy",
            dest="upgrade_strategy",
            default="only-if-needed",
            choices=["only-if-needed", "eager"],
            help=(
                "Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled "
                "[default: %default]. "
                '"eager" - dependencies are upgraded regardless of '
                "whether the currently installed version satisfies the "
                "requirements of the upgraded package(s). "
                '"only-if-needed" -  are upgraded only when they do not '
                "satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s)."
            ),
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--force-reinstall",
            dest="force_reinstall",
            action="store_true",
            help="Reinstall all packages even if they are already up-to-date.",
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "-I",
            "--ignore-installed",
            dest="ignore_installed",
            action="store_true",
            help=(
                "Ignore the installed packages, overwriting them. "
                "This can break your system if the existing package "
                "is of a different version or was installed "
                "with a different package manager!"
            ),
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_pep517())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_pep517())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.check_build_deps())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.override_externally_managed())

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.config_settings())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--compile",
            action="store_true",
            dest="compile",
            default=True,
            help="Compile Python source files to bytecode",
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--no-compile",
            action="store_false",
            dest="compile",
            help="Do not compile Python source files to bytecode",
        )

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--no-warn-script-location",
            action="store_false",
            dest="warn_script_location",
            default=True,
            help="Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH",
        )
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--no-warn-conflicts",
            action="store_false",
            dest="warn_about_conflicts",
            default=True,
            help="Do not warn about broken dependencies",
        )
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
        self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.root_user_action())

        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
            cmdoptions.index_group,
            self.parser,
        )

        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)

        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
            "--report",
            dest="json_report_file",
            metavar="file",
            default=None,
            help=(
                "Generate a JSON file describing what pip did to install "
                "the provided requirements. "
                "Can be used in combination with --dry-run and --ignore-installed "
                "to 'resolve' the requirements. "
                "When - is used as file name it writes to stdout. "
                "When writing to stdout, please combine with the --quiet option "
                "to avoid mixing pip logging output with JSON output."
            ),
        )

    @with_cleanup
    def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int:
        if options.use_user_site and options.target_dir is not None:
            raise CommandError("Can not combine '--user' and '--target'")

        # Check whether the environment we're installing into is externally
        # managed, as specified in PEP 668. Specifying --root, --target, or
        # --prefix disables the check, since there's no reliable way to locate
        # the EXTERNALLY-MANAGED file for those cases. An exception is also
        # made specifically for "--dry-run --report" for convenience.
        installing_into_current_environment = (
            not (options.dry_run and options.json_report_file)
            and options.root_path is None
            and options.target_dir is None
            and options.prefix_path is None
        )
        if (
            installing_into_current_environment
            and not options.override_externally_managed
        ):
            check_externally_managed()

        upgrade_strategy = "to-satisfy-only"
        if options.upgrade:
            upgrade_strategy = options.upgrade_strategy

        cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options, check_target=True)

        logger.verbose("Using %s", get_pip_version())
        options.use_user_site = decide_user_install(
            options.use_user_site,
            prefix_path=options.prefix_path,
            target_dir=options.target_dir,
            root_path=options.root_path,
            isolated_mode=options.isolated_mode,
        )

        target_temp_dir: Optional[TempDirectory] = None
        target_temp_dir_path: Optional[str] = None
        if options.target_dir:
            options.ignore_installed = True
            options.target_dir = os.path.abspath(options.target_dir)
            if (
                # fmt: off
                os.path.exists(options.target_dir) and
                not os.path.isdir(options.target_dir)
                # fmt: on
            ):
                raise CommandError(
                    "Target path exists but is not a directory, will not continue."
                )

            # Create a target directory for using with the target option
            target_temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="target")
            target_temp_dir_path = target_temp_dir.path
            self.enter_context(target_temp_dir)

        global_options = options.global_options or []

        session = self.get_default_session(options)

        target_python = make_target_python(options)
        finder = self._build_package_finder(
            options=options,
            session=session,
            target_python=target_python,
            ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
        )
        build_tracker = self.enter_context(get_build_tracker())

        directory = TempDirectory(
            delete=not options.no_clean,
            kind="install",
            globally_managed=True,
        )

        try:
            reqs = self.get_requirements(args, options, finder, session)
            check_legacy_setup_py_options(options, reqs)

            wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir)

            # Only when installing is it permitted to use PEP 660.
            # In other circumstances (pip wheel, pip download) we generate
            # regular (i.e. non editable) metadata and wheels.
            for req in reqs:
                req.permit_editable_wheels = True

            preparer = self.make_requirement_preparer(
                temp_build_dir=directory,
                options=options,
                build_tracker=build_tracker,
                session=session,
                finder=finder,
                use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
                verbosity=self.verbosity,
            )
            resolver = self.make_resolver(
                preparer=preparer,
                finder=finder,
                options=options,
                wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
                use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
                ignore_installed=options.ignore_installed,
                ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
                force_reinstall=options.force_reinstall,
                upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy,
                use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
                py_version_info=options.python_version,
            )

            self.trace_basic_info(finder)

            requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
                reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
            )

            if options.json_report_file:
                report = InstallationReport(requirement_set.requirements_to_install)
                if options.json_report_file == "-":
                    print_json(data=report.to_dict())
                else:
                    with open(options.json_report_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                        json.dump(report.to_dict(), f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

            if options.dry_run:
                would_install_items = sorted(
                    (r.metadata["name"], r.metadata["version"])
                    for r in requirement_set.requirements_to_install
                )
                if would_install_items:
                    write_output(
                        "Would install %s",
                        " ".join("-".join(item) for item in would_install_items),
                    )
                return SUCCESS

            try:
                pip_req = requirement_set.get_requirement("pip")
            except KeyError:
                modifying_pip = False
            else:
                # If we're not replacing an already installed pip,
                # we're not modifying it.
                modifying_pip = pip_req.satisfied_by is None
                if modifying_pip:
                    # Eagerly import this module to avoid crashes. Otherwise, this
                    # module would be imported *after* pip was replaced, resulting in
                    # crashes if the new self_outdated_check module was incompatible
                    # with the rest of pip that's already imported.
                    import pip._internal.self_outdated_check  # noqa: F401
            protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(modifying_pip=modifying_pip)

            reqs_to_build = [
                r
                for r in requirement_set.requirements.values()
                if should_build_for_install_command(r)
            ]

            _, build_failures = build(
                reqs_to_build,
                wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
                verify=True,
                build_options=[],
                global_options=global_options,
            )

            if build_failures:
                raise InstallationError(
                    "ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some "
                    "pyproject.toml based projects ({})".format(
                        ", ".join(r.name for r in build_failures)  # type: ignore
                    )
                )

            to_install = resolver.get_installation_order(requirement_set)

            # Check for conflicts in the package set we're installing.
            conflicts: Optional[ConflictDetails] = None
            should_warn_about_conflicts = (
                not options.ignore_dependencies and options.warn_about_conflicts
            )
            if should_warn_about_conflicts:
                conflicts = self._determine_conflicts(to_install)

            # Don't warn about script install locations if
            # --target or --prefix has been specified
            warn_script_location = options.warn_script_location
            if options.target_dir or options.prefix_path:
                warn_script_location = False

            installed = install_given_reqs(
                to_install,
                global_options,
                root=options.root_path,
                home=target_temp_dir_path,
                prefix=options.prefix_path,
                warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
                use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
                pycompile=options.compile,
            )

            lib_locations = get_lib_location_guesses(
                user=options.use_user_site,
                home=target_temp_dir_path,
                root=options.root_path,
                prefix=options.prefix_path,
                isolated=options.isolated_mode,
            )
            env = get_environment(lib_locations)

            # Display a summary of installed packages, with extra care to
            # display a package name as it was requested by the user.
            installed.sort(key=operator.attrgetter("name"))
            summary = []
            installed_versions = {}
            for distribution in env.iter_all_distributions():
                installed_versions[distribution.canonical_name] = distribution.version
            for package in installed:
                display_name = package.name
                version = installed_versions.get(canonicalize_name(display_name), None)
                if version:
                    text = f"{display_name}-{version}"
                else:
                    text = display_name
                summary.append(text)

            if conflicts is not None:
                self._warn_about_conflicts(
                    conflicts,
                    resolver_variant=self.determine_resolver_variant(options),
                )

            installed_desc = " ".join(summary)
            if installed_desc:
                write_output(
                    "Successfully installed %s",
                    installed_desc,
                )
        except OSError as error:
            show_traceback = self.verbosity >= 1

            message = create_os_error_message(
                error,
                show_traceback,
                options.use_user_site,
            )
            logger.error(message, exc_info=show_traceback)

            return ERROR

        if options.target_dir:
            assert target_temp_dir
            self._handle_target_dir(
                options.target_dir, target_temp_dir, options.upgrade
            )
        if options.root_user_action == "warn":
            warn_if_run_as_root()
        return SUCCESS

    def _handle_target_dir(
        self, target_dir: str, target_temp_dir: TempDirectory, upgrade: bool
    ) -> None:
        ensure_dir(target_dir)

        # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
        # packages to be moved to target directory
        lib_dir_list = []

        # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
        # packages to be moved to target directory
        scheme = get_scheme("", home=target_temp_dir.path)
        purelib_dir = scheme.purelib
        platlib_dir = scheme.platlib
        data_dir = scheme.data

        if os.path.exists(purelib_dir):
            lib_dir_list.append(purelib_dir)
        if os.path.exists(platlib_dir) and platlib_dir != purelib_dir:
            lib_dir_list.append(platlib_dir)
        if os.path.exists(data_dir):
            lib_dir_list.append(data_dir)

        for lib_dir in lib_dir_list:
            for item in os.listdir(lib_dir):
                if lib_dir == data_dir:
                    ddir = os.path.join(data_dir, item)
                    if any(s.startswith(ddir) for s in lib_dir_list[:-1]):
                        continue
                target_item_dir = os.path.join(target_dir, item)
                if os.path.exists(target_item_dir):
                    if not upgrade:
                        logger.warning(
                            "Target directory %s already exists. Specify "
                            "--upgrade to force replacement.",
                            target_item_dir,
                        )
                        continue
                    if os.path.islink(target_item_dir):
                        logger.warning(
                            "Target directory %s already exists and is "
                            "a link. pip will not automatically replace "
                            "links, please remove if replacement is "
                            "desired.",
                            target_item_dir,
                        )
                        continue
                    if os.path.isdir(target_item_dir):
                        shutil.rmtree(target_item_dir)
                    else:
                        os.remove(target_item_dir)

                shutil.move(os.path.join(lib_dir, item), target_item_dir)

    def _determine_conflicts(
        self, to_install: List[InstallRequirement]
    ) -> Optional[ConflictDetails]:
        try:
            return check_install_conflicts(to_install)
        except Exception:
            logger.exception(
                "Error while checking for conflicts. Please file an issue on "
                "pip's issue tracker: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/new"
            )
            return None

    def _warn_about_conflicts(
        self, conflict_details: ConflictDetails, resolver_variant: str
    ) -> None:
        package_set, (missing, conflicting) = conflict_details
        if not missing and not conflicting:
            return

        parts: List[str] = []
        if resolver_variant == "legacy":
            parts.append(
                "pip's legacy dependency resolver does not consider dependency "
                "conflicts when selecting packages. This behaviour is the "
                "source of the following dependency conflicts."
            )
        else:
            assert resolver_variant == "resolvelib"
            parts.append(
                "pip's dependency resolver does not currently take into account "
                "all the packages that are installed. This behaviour is the "
                "source of the following dependency conflicts."
            )

        # NOTE: There is some duplication here, with commands/check.py
        for project_name in missing:
            version = package_set[project_name][0]
            for dependency in missing[project_name]:
                message = (
                    f"{project_name} {version} requires {dependency[1]}, "
                    "which is not installed."
                )
                parts.append(message)

        for project_name in conflicting:
            version = package_set[project_name][0]
            for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]:
                message = (
                    "{name} {version} requires {requirement}, but {you} have "
                    "{dep_name} {dep_version} which is incompatible."
                ).format(
                    name=project_name,
                    version=version,
                    requirement=req,
                    dep_name=dep_name,
                    dep_version=dep_version,
                    you=("you" if resolver_variant == "resolvelib" else "you'll"),
                )
                parts.append(message)

        logger.critical("\n".join(parts))


def get_lib_location_guesses(
    user: bool = False,
    home: Optional[str] = None,
    root: Optional[str] = None,
    isolated: bool = False,
    prefix: Optional[str] = None,
) -> List[str]:
    scheme = get_scheme(
        "",
        user=user,
        home=home,
        root=root,
        isolated=isolated,
        prefix=prefix,
    )
    return [scheme.purelib, scheme.platlib]


def site_packages_writable(root: Optional[str], isolated: bool) -> bool:
    return all(
        test_writable_dir(d)
        for d in set(get_lib_location_guesses(root=root, isolated=isolated))
    )


def decide_user_install(
    use_user_site: Optional[bool],
    prefix_path: Optional[str] = None,
    target_dir: Optional[str] = None,
    root_path: Optional[str] = None,
    isolated_mode: bool = False,
) -> bool:
    """Determine whether to do a user install based on the input options.

    If use_user_site is False, no additional checks are done.
    If use_user_site is True, it is checked for compatibility with other
    options.
    If use_user_site is None, the default behaviour depends on the environment,
    which is provided by the other arguments.
    """
    # In some cases (config from tox), use_user_site can be set to an integer
    # rather than a bool, which 'use_user_site is False' wouldn't catch.
    if (use_user_site is not None) and (not use_user_site):
        logger.debug("Non-user install by explicit request")
        return False

    if use_user_site:
        if prefix_path:
            raise CommandError(
                "Can not combine '--user' and '--prefix' as they imply "
                "different installation locations"
            )
        if virtualenv_no_global():
            raise InstallationError(
                "Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages "
                "are not visible in this virtualenv."
            )
        logger.debug("User install by explicit request")
        return True

    # If we are here, user installs have not been explicitly requested/avoided
    assert use_user_site is None

    # user install incompatible with --prefix/--target
    if prefix_path or target_dir:
        logger.debug("Non-user install due to --prefix or --target option")
        return False

    # If user installs are not enabled, choose a non-user install
    if not site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
        logger.debug("Non-user install because user site-packages disabled")
        return False

    # If we have permission for a non-user install, do that,
    # otherwise do a user install.
    if site_packages_writable(root=root_path, isolated=isolated_mode):
        logger.debug("Non-user install because site-packages writeable")
        return False

    logger.info(
        "Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages "
        "is not writeable"
    )
    return True


def create_os_error_message(
    error: OSError, show_traceback: bool, using_user_site: bool
) -> str:
    """Format an error message for an OSError

    It may occur anytime during the execution of the install command.
    """
    parts = []

    # Mention the error if we are not going to show a traceback
    parts.append("Could not install packages due to an OSError")
    if not show_traceback:
        parts.append(": ")
        parts.append(str(error))
    else:
        parts.append(".")

    # Spilt the error indication from a helper message (if any)
    parts[-1] += "\n"

    # Suggest useful actions to the user:
    #  (1) using user site-packages or (2) verifying the permissions
    if error.errno == errno.EACCES:
        user_option_part = "Consider using the `--user` option"
        permissions_part = "Check the permissions"

        if not running_under_virtualenv() and not using_user_site:
            parts.extend(
                [
                    user_option_part,
                    " or ",
                    permissions_part.lower(),
                ]
            )
        else:
            parts.append(permissions_part)
        parts.append(".\n")

    # Suggest the user to enable Long Paths if path length is
    # more than 260
    if (
        WINDOWS
        and error.errno == errno.ENOENT
        and error.filename
        and len(error.filename) > 260
    ):
        parts.append(
            "HINT: This error might have occurred since "
            "this system does not have Windows Long Path "
            "support enabled. You can find information on "
            "how to enable this at "
            "https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/enable-long-paths\n"
        )

    return "".join(parts).strip() + "\n"